Model of 4 sides of communication (Schulz von Thun)

  • The Factual Level contains statements
         which are matter of fact like data and
         facts, which are part of the news.
  • In the self-revealing or self-disclosure
         the speaker - conscious or not intended
        - tells something about himself,
         his motives, values, emotions etc.
  • In the Relationship-layer is expressed
         resp. received, how the sender gets
         along with the receiver and what they
         think of them.
  • The Appeal contains the desire, advice,
         instruction and effects that the speaker
         is seeking.